Richard d’Alton Williams (1822-1862)

Life

[pseud. “Shamrock”, et al.;] b. 8 Oct., Dublin, illegitimate son of Count D’Alton, with Mary Williams; brought up in Grenanstown, Co. Tipperary; ed. St. Stanislaus (Jesuit Prep. School), Tullabeg, under; afterwards at St. Patrick’s College, Carlow [Carlow College], the seminary and a college for lay students founded by Dr. James Keefe; wrote a “Prologue for Cato” [Theatre of the Lay College, 1841); commenced medicine at TCD, 1843; contrib. verses to The Nation from 1842, incl. “The Munster War Song” (Nation, 7th Jan. 1843), written - or begun - at St. Vincent’s Hospital, Dublin; wrote “The Dying Girl” (‘To Jessy’, a victim of T.B.; see infra), and “Sister of Charity” - both set at St. Vincent’s on St. Stephen’s Green; other well-known poems include “Adieu to Inisfail” (Nation, 25 June 1843) and “Extermination” (1848), on the famine - following Mitchel’s charge against England; resumed medical studies and grad. Edinburgh, taking out his diplome on 31 July 1849 [[var. 1850]; afterwards practised at Dr. Steevens’ Hospital, Dublin; contrib. “Implore Peace for Clarence Mangan” to The Irishman (7 July 1849) - later reprinted as “Lament for Clarence Mangan” (Poems, pp.15-21); also humorous poems such as “Misadventures of a Medical Student”; he was co-fnder. of the Dublin Society of Vincent de Paul; joined Young Ireland and the Irish Confederation, 1845;

fnd., with Kevin Izod O’Dogherty, The Irish Tribune after suppression of Mitchel’s United Irishman, 1848; arrested at home at 35 Mount Pleasant Square, Dublin; and successfully defending by Samuel Ferguson and O’Hagan against charge of treason-felony, 2 Nov., 1848 - two days after O’Dogherty, who was convicted; emig. America, 1851, three months after the appearance of his lyric “Come with me o’er Ohio” in The Nation (1 March 1851) - given as the penultimate work in his Poems; at first settled in Mobile, Alabama, visiting New Orleans and Havana; afterwards appt. Professor of belles Lettres at Jesuit College, Spring Hill; m. Elizabeth [var. Eliza] Connolly, 8 Sept. 1856, with whom 4 children - of whom the youngest is commemorated in “Lines on the Death of his Infant Daughter, Katie” (Poems, p.303); taught literature and later practised medicine in Thibodeaux [New Orleans,] Louisiana, where he died of tuberculosis, 5 July 1862; wrote “Song of the Irish-American Regts.” in the Civil War [see infra]; he was commemorated with a monument in Carrara marble and inscribed ‘as a slight testimonial of their esteem for his unsullied patriotism and his exalted devotion to the Cause of Irish Freedom’ - erected by Irish soldiers of the 8th New Hampshire Infantry Regiment stationed in Thibodeaux, an event marked by Thomas D’Arcy Magee in verse;

RDW’s his poetry was collected by T. D. Sullivan in 1876, and reissued with a biographical memoir by P. A. Sillard in 1894 (2nd edn. 1901); an obituary appeared in The Nation (30 Aug. 1862);CAB ODNB PI DIL RAF DIH OCIL.

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Works
The Poems of R. D. Williams, ed. T. D. Sullivan [4th edn.] (Dublin 1883); and Do. [New Edn.], with an introduction by P. A. Sillard (Dublin: Duffy 1894, rep. 1901), xxiv, 334pp. - see title-page:

[See extracts - as attached.]

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Quotations
“The Patriot Brave”: ‘Great spirits who battled in old time/for the freedom of Athens, descend!’ (Quoted in W. B. Stanford, Ireland and the Classical Tradition, 1984, p.217; therein described as a celebration of Greek liberty.

Song of the Irish-American Regiments
We have changed the battle-field, But the cause abandoned never — Here a sharper sword to wield, And wage the endless war for ever. Yes! the war we wage with thee — That of light with power infernal — As it hath been still shall be, Unforgiving and eternal.	[...] Who should right our wrong? We have arms and men and valour. [85] Strike! the idol long adored Waits the doom just gods award her; To arms! away! with fire and sword! Our march is o’er the British border!
—Poems, ed. P. A. Sillard (Duffy 1894), pp.85-86 - as attached.

“The Dying Girl”: ‘They brought her to the city, / And she faded slowly there, / Consumption has no pity / For blue eyes and golden hair.’ (Quoted by Tadhg Foley, on Irish Studies List [Virginia], Nov. 1999.) See also the lines ‘Consumption has no pity / For blue eyes and golden hair.’ (Quoted by Matthew Russell, S.J., in Rose Kavanagh and Her Verses, Dublin: M. H. Gill 1909, p.9; see R. DAlton Williams, Poems, p.220ff.)

Poems inspired by Gerald Griffin’s The Collegians
HARDESS CREGAN TO EILY O’CONNOR.	HARDRESS CREGAN TO ANNE CHUTE
Sustain me, God! - for mine own sin Has bound me with a fiery chain, And - like a corrach drawn within A vortex on the black’ ning main - The while for fame, for life, for love, I madly strain with desp’rate oar, A spectre laughs the helm above, And mocks my frenzied strokes to shore. [...]	I dreamed last night that, pillow’d on thy breast, I heard thee sing a sad yet pleasing strain - How pride once severed hearts that love possessed, And how, at length, in tears they met again; And o’er the maiden’s high and polished brow The blush of conscious beauty went and came. [...]
—Poems, ed. P. A. Sillard (Duffy 1894), pp.245 & 246 - as attached.

See also his “Lament for James Clarence Mangan” - as attached.

“The Munster Warsong”

Can the depths of the ocean afford you not graves
That you come thus to perish afar o’er the waves —
To redden and swell the wild torrents that flow
Through the valley of vengeance, the dark Aherlow?

The clangour of conflict o’erburthens the breeze
From the stormy Sliabh Bloom to the stately Galtees ;
Your caverns and torrents are purple with gore,
Sliavnamon, Gleann Colaich, and sublime Galtee Mor!

The sunburst that slumbered, embalmed in our tears,
Tipperary! shall wave o’er thy tall mountaineers;
And the dark hills shall bristle with sabre and spear,
While one tyrant remains to forge manacles here.

The riderless war-steed careers o’er the plain
With a shaft in his flank and a blood-dripping mane —
His gallant breast labours, and glare his wild eyes!
He plunges in torture — falls — shivers — and dies.

Let the trumpets ring triumph! the tyrant is slain!
He reels o’er his charger, deep-pierced through the brain.
And his myriads are flying like leaves on the gale —
But who shall escape from our hills with the tale?

For the arrows of vengeance are showering like rain,
And choke the strong rivers with islands of slain,
Till thy waves, lordly Shannon, all crimsonly flow
Like the billows of hell, with the blood of the foe.

Ay! the foemen are flying, but vainly they fly —
Revenge with the fleetness of lightning can vie,
And the septs of the mountains spring up from each rock,
And rush down the ravines like wild wolves on the flock.

And who shall pass over the stormy Sliabh Bloom
To tell the pale Saxon of Tyranny’s doom,
When, like tigers from ambush, our fierce mountaineers
Leap along from the crags with their death-dealing spears?

They came with high boasting to bind us as slaves;
But the glen and the torrent have yawned for their graves;
From the gloomy Ard Fiona’n to wild Teampoll Mor —
From the Suir to the Shannon — is red with their gore.

By the soul of Heremon! our warriors may smile,
To remember the march of the foe through our isle;
Their banners and harness were costly and gay,
And proudly they flashed in the summer sun’s ray.

The hilts of their falchions were crusted with gold,
And the gems of their helmets were bright to behold;
By St. Bride of Kildare! but they moved in fair show —
To gorge the young eagles of dark Aherlow!

Rep. in Gill’s Irish Reciter: A Selection of Gems from Ireland’s Modern Literature, ed. J. J. O’Kelly [Seán Ó Ceallaigh](Dublin: M. H. Gill 1905), pp.29-31 [available at Internet Archive - online]. Note: O’Kelly adds the date 1190 to the title.

Also ....

“The Pass of the Plumes” (a.d.1599)

[...]
Their heraldry and plumery, their coronets and mail,
Are trampled on the battle-field, or scattered on the gale!
As the cavalry of ocean the living billows bound,
When lightnings leap above them, and thunders clang around,
And tempest- crested, dazzingly caparisoned in spray,
They crush the black and broken rocks, with all their roots away;
So charged the stormy chivalry of Erin in her ire —
Their shock the roll of ocean, their swords electric fire —
They rose like banded billows that, when wintry tempests blow,
The trembling shore with stunning roar and dreadful wreck o’erflow,
And when they burst tremendously, upon the bloody groun’
Both horse and man, from rere to van, like shivered barques went down.
Leave your costly Milan hauberks, haughty nobles of the Pale,
And your snowy ostrich feathers as a tribute to the Gael.
Fling away gilt spur and trinket, in your hurry, knight and squire;
They will make our virgins ornaments, or decorate the lyre.
Ho! Essex! how your vestal Queen will storm when she hears
The “mere Irish” chased her minion and his twenty thousand spears.

Go ! tell the royal virgin that O’Moore, MacHugh, O’Neill,
Will smite the faithless stranger while there’s steel in Inisfail.
The blood you shed shall only serve more deep revenge to nurse,
And our hatred be as lasting as the tyranny we curse;
From age to age consuming, it shall blaze a quenchless fire,
And the son shall thirst and burn still more fiercely than his sire.
By our sorrows, songs, and battles — by our cromleachs raths, and towers,
By sword and chain, by all our slain — between your race and ours;
Be naked glaives and yawning graves, and ceaseless tears and gore
Till battle’s flood wash out in blood your footsteps from the shore! [End.]

Rep. in Gill’s Irish Reciter [... &c.], ed. J. J. O’Kelly (Dublin: M. H. Gill 1905), pp.59-62; here p.61. [available at Internet Archive - online]. Note: O’Kelly adds the date 1190 to the title.

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Richard D’Alton Williams, “Lament for Thomas Davis”

Hast thou fallen from our band,
Purest spirit of the land?
Hast thou perished while thy glory yet was
young?
While more than mortal fire
Sprang intensely from thy lyre,
And love and wisdom flowed from thy tongue?

O think, with grief and pride,
How he laboured, thought, and died.
To knit our souls together in love’s chain;
And shall the nations say,
Reproachful o’er his clay,
That his great heart throbbed, and broke at last,
in vain?

[...]

The morning’s golden hair
Shall be grey, with time, in air —
The constellated host pass away —
The angel-bearing spheres
Shall grow sterile in their years,
And the pillars of the universe decay.

But natures all divine,
Bard and Patriot! like thine.
Pure spirit of imperishable flame!
Exult in native light,
Inextinguishably bright.
Immortal as the soul whence they came! [84]

—Poems, ed. P. A. Sillard (Duffy 1894), pp.82-84; see full-text copy under Thomas Davis - as supra.

“The Dying Girl”

From a Munster vale they brought her,
From the pure and balmy air,
An Ormond’s peasant daughter,
With blue eyes and golden hair.
They brought her to the city
And she faded slowly there,
Consumption hath no pity
For blue eyes and golden hair.

When I saw her first reclining,
Her lips were moved in prayer,
And the setting sun was shining
On her loosened golden hair.

When our kindly glances met her,
Deadly brilliant was her eye,
And she said that she was better,
While we knew that she must die.

At length the harp is broken,
And the spirit in its strings,
As the last decree is spoken,
To its source exulting springs.
Descending swiftly from the skies
Her guardian angel came,
He struck God’s lightning from her eyes,
And bore him back the name.

Quoted in George Pepper, Ireland .. Liberty Springs from her Martyrs' Blood [An address to the American Congress 20th De. 1867 (Boston: Patrick Donahoe 1868), p.22. [Lib. of Congress Pamphs Coll.; available online.]

“The Barmaids’ Eyes” [parody of “The Times of the Barmacides” by Mangan]: ‘My eyes are goggled, my whiskers dyed, / I am stooped, notwithstanding stays; / I would I were stretched that stream beside, / Where I fished in my zigzag days; [181] / For, back to that spot — (it costs nothing, you know) — / My memory ever flies, / Where I first saw glow, long, long ago, / The light of the barmaid’s eyes! / Where I first saw glow, long, long ago. / The light of the barmaid’s eyes.’ (p.181; see full text, attached.)

Note: Williams also wrote a parody of Davis “Oh! For a Steed” as “Oh! For a Feed!!” - a song about rich dining and poteen (p.198).

“Come with Me O’er Ohio”: ‘Come with me o’er Ohio, / Among the vines of Indiana, / Or nearer to the tropic glow, / Its gorgeous plumes and vast banana, / Its teeming vales and waters rife, / Rich foliage, shining fruits abundant, / Superfluous springs of fiery life. / From nature’s burning heart redundant. / Desert a land of corse and slave. / Of pauper woe and tinsel splendour; / Poor Eire now is all a grave [...]. (See full text, attached,)

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References
R. R. Madden, summary notes held in Gilbert Collection, Pearse St. Library): Richard Dalton Williams (1822-62), medical doctor poet of The Nation who worked in St. Vincent’s Hospital, hence his well-known and moving poem on “The Dying Girl” (of T.B.), resided at 35, Mount Pleasant Square, Dublin; obituary in The Nation (30 Aug. 1862), giving his ballads “Munster War Song”, “To Jessy, Dying Girl”, “Adieu to Innisfail”.

Charles Read, ed., A Cabinet of Irish Literature (3 vols., 1876-78), Davis ‘Lament for Owen Roe’, early in 1842, Nation, followed a few months later by ‘The Munster War Song’ from Williams, ‘still a schoolboy; The Misadventures of a Medical Student, verses; crown failed to obtain conviction against Williams when John Martin’s Irish Felon and Kevin Izod O’Dogherty’s Irish Tribune were suppressed, following suppression of Mitchel’s United Irishman; completed medical studies in Edinburgh; emigrated to US in 1851; settled at New Orleans; “Songs of the Irish-American Regiments”; d. of consumption, 5 July 1862; Nation nom de plume, “Shamrock”; Carrara monument raised by passing Irish-American soldiers. Read selects “Ben-Heder”; “Adieu to Inisfail”; “My Cousin” [‘... hopping ... shopping’]; Poems collected by proprietors of Nation [viz, TD O’Sullivan].

Justin McCarthy, gen. ed., Irish Literature (Washington: CUA 1904), gives “The Munster War song”.

Note that Dictionary of Irish History gives shows no indication of his final residence in Louisiana. See also entries in Old DNB - viz., Richard D’Alton Williams; Webb, Compendium of Irish Biography - viz., Richard Dalton Williams; and Boylan, Dictionary of Irish Biography. There is a Wikipedia page - online.

Stephen Gwynn, Irish Literature and Drama (1936) cites “The Munster War-Song” as appearing in The Nation

Brian McKenna, Irish Literature, 1800-1875: A Guide to Information Sources (Detroit: Gale Research Co. 1978), lists The Poems of Richard Dalton Williams, ed. T. D. Sullivan (Nation Office 1876); another edn. ed. by John Sillard (Duffy 1894). Bibl. as in Works, supra.

Patrick Rafroidi, Irish Literature in English: The Romantic Period, 1789-1850 (Gerrards Cross: Colin Smythe 1980), cites the same editions as O’Donoghue (Poets of Ireland, 1919), and adds, died in US where he practised medicine.

Chris Morash, The Hungry Voice (Dublin: Gill & Macmillan 1989), bio-notes: b. Dublin, 8 Oct 1822, d. Thibodeaux, Louisiana, 5 July 1862; wrote for The Nation as ‘Shamrock’ and ‘D.N.S.’ while a medical student; co-founded Irish tribune with Kevin Izod O’Doherty; tried with him for treason-felony, William acquitted; emig. 1851. His ‘Lament for Clarence Mangan, selected by Morash, p.157-59; originally published as ‘Implore Pace for Clarence Mangan’ in The Irishman, 1, 27 (7 July 1849) [see Morash pp.18-19, 284]. Morash selects “Extermination”, in The Poems of RD Williams (Dublin: Duffy 1901), p.25; “Hand in Hand”, in The Nation, Vol. 8, No. 9 (26 Oct. 1850); “Kyrie Eleison”, in Poems (1901), p.150, “Lord of Hosts” in The United Irishman, Vol. 1, No. 15 (20 May 1848); “Vesper Hymn to the Guardian Angels of Ireland”, in Poems (1901), p.149.

Medical men of letters: Anent the literary propensities of the profession, it was said that there was a better chance of finding a doctor at Nation D’Olier St offices than Mercer’s Hospital (Morash, op. cit. p.27). Further: Williams’s “Lord of the Hosts” can be found sharing the page with popular music hall numbers and ‘minstrel“ songs in the weekly Harding’s Dublin Songster in the first decades of this century.’ (Ibid., p.30.)

Eggeley Books (Cat. 44) lists The Poems of Richad D’Alton Williams, ‘Shamrock’ of The Nation, ed. with biog. intro. by P. S. Sillard (Dublin: Duffy 1901), 2nd edn.

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Notes
Anne Keary: Sillard writes in his Introduction to Richard D’Alton Williams’s Poems (Duffy 1894): “But perhaps the finest poetry that Williams wrote about this period was the striking ballad, “Lord of Hosts,” which appeared in John Mitchel’s United Irishman on the 20th of May, 1848, and the touching “Kyrie Eleison,” a lay of the Famine, which he wrote for Duffy’s Irish Catholic Magazine. This poem has been enshrined by Miss Annie Keary in one of the most affecting passages in her famous novel, Castle Daly, in which she makes her heroine, Ellen Daly, read it “ with a face wet with tears.”

Poets (fem.) of the Nation: Williams’ Poems (1894 edn.) includes “Valentine to the Poetesses of the Nation” (p.174-79). a comic paean set at Stoneybatter, where the poets on meeting the eponymous ladies ‘cease to think or act correctly / and go stark mad with love directly.’ (p.174.) Among those mentioned are J. de Jean, “Maria”, “Eva”, “Desmond”, “Zero” and “Clericus” - while the full complement of Nation poets is calculated at ‘five score poets to every maiden!’

Spenserian fare: Sillard’s footnote annotation to “The Fairies of Knockshegowna” runs: ‘The name of a Fairy Hill in Lower Ormond, and means Oonagh’s Hill - so called being the fabled residence of Una the Faerie Queene of Spenser.’ (Poems, 1894, p.325, n.)