All those tempests ...

William Shakespeare, The Tempest

Prospero: Thou most lying slave,
Whom stripes may move, not kindness! I
                                          have used thee,
Filth as thou art, with human care, and
                                          lodged thee
In mine own cell, till thou didst seek to violate
The honour of my child.

Caliban: O ho, O ho! would’t had been
                                                    done!
Thou didst prevent me; I had peopled else
This isle with Calibans.

Prospero [or Miranda]: Abhorred slave,
Which any print of goodness wilt not take,
Being capable of all ill! I pitied thee,
Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee
                                           each hour
One thing or other: when thou didst not,
                                           savage,
Know thine own meaning, but wouldst
                                           gabble like
A thing most brutish, I endow’d thy
                                          purposes
With words that made them known. But

                                      thy vile race,
Though thou didst learn, had that in’to
                                 which good natures
Could not abide to be with; therefore wast
                                         thou
Deservedly confined into this rock,
Who hadst deserved more than a prison.

Caliban: You taught me language; and my profit on’t
Is, I know how to curse. The red plague rid
                                          you
For learning me your language!

Aimé Cesaire (Tempest, 1968)

Caliban: Prospero, you are the master of illusion.
Lying is your trademark.
And you have lied so much to me
    (lied about the world, lied about me)
that you have ended by imposing on me
    an image of myself.
Underdeveloped, you brand me, inferior,
That is the way you have forced me to see
     myself
I detest that image!  What’s more, it’s a lie!
But now I know you, you old cancer,
      and I know myself as well.

 
Ngugi wa Thiong’o
‘The Great Tradition of European literature had invented and even defined the world view of the Calibans, the Fridays and the reclaimed Africans of their imaginations. Now the Calibans and the Fridays of the new literature were telling their story which was also my story.’ (‘Moving towards the Centre: Towards a Pluralism of Cultures, in Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 26, 1, 1991, p.200.)

Further reading: O. Mannoni, Prospero and Caliban: The Psychology of Colonization (1964).

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