Patrick Duigenan
Life
1735-1816 [pseuds. Nathan ben Saddi, Theophilus, A Layman, &c.]; b. 17 March 1735, son of schoolmaster of St. Brides parish school [var. son the parish clerk at St. Werberghs, Dublin, or the son of a Catholic farmer in Leitrim: RIA]; ed. TCD schol.; grad. 1757; Fellow of TCD, 1761; appt Prof. of Civil Law, TCD; took Irish bar, 1767; author of Pranceriana (1775), being squibs attacking Provost John Hely-Hutchinsons educational reforms at Trinity College - followed by a sequel (Appendix, with in errata), in 1776; resigned his fellowship and pilloried Hely-Hutchinson his educational innovations for Irish gentlemen in Lachrymae Academicae, or The Present Deplorable State of the College (coll. pamphs.); became a successful lawyer and KC; bencher at Kings Inns, 1784; Kings Advocate-General, 1785;
appt. vicar-general of several Protestant diocese of Armagh, Meath and Elphin in recognition of his virulent support for the established Church and its entitlement to tithes; appt. judge of Admiralty Court; elected MP for Old Leighlin, Co. Carlow, 1790, living on Henrietta St.; appt. privy councillor of Ireland; MP for Armagh in united parliament [post-Union]; violently opposed Grattan and Catholic Emancipation on ultra-Protestant grounds; elected Grand Secretary of the Orange Order, 1801; noted for eccentric attire and inflammatory speeches and writings - notably against Henry Grattan whom he accused of reprobating tithes as a prelude to his attempt to subvert the Established Church and a project for the separation of Ireland from the British Empire; he suffered heavy damages in a libel action brought by Patrick Lattin. ODNB
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Works
Pranceriana (contra Provost Hely-Hutchinson, TCD) |
- ed., Pranceriana.: A select collection of fugitive pieces, since the appointment of the present Provost of the University of Dublin [ed. by Nathan ben Saddi pseud.] (Dublin: [s.n.], MDCCLXXV [1775]), x, 253pp., [1], ill. [pls.].
- ed., Appendix Pranceriana: Which completes the select collection of fugitive pieces, since the appointment of the present Provost of the University of Dublin (Dublin: [s.n.], MDCCLXXVI [1776]), ([2], xl, 110pp., [2], pl.
- ed., Pranceriana poetica; or, Prancers garland: Being a collection of fugitive poems, written since the publication of Pranceriana and the Appendix Pranceriana poetica: or, Prancers garland.: Being a collection of fugitive poems, Written since the publication of pranceriana and the appendix. To which is added a supplement, containing many original pieces, never before printed (Dublin: [s.n.], Printed in the year, M.DCC.LXXIX. [1779]),
xii, 143pp., 1 lf. of pl.
- ed., Pranceriana.: A Select Collection of Fugitive Pieces, Since the Appointment of the Present Provost of the University of Dublin. Second edition, with several additions and cuts (Dublin: [s.n.], Printed In The Year MDCCLXXXIV [1784]), x, 253pp.
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Note: D. J. ODonoghue remarks that William Preston [w]rote a good deal of Pranceriana, a collection of satires and skits on John Hely Hutchinson. (Poets of Ireland, 1909, p.390.)
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His own works (contra Hely-Hutchinson) |
- Lachrymæ academicæ: or, the Present Deplorable State of the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, of Queen Elizabeth, near Dublin. Most humbly dedicated to his Majesty. By Patrick Duigenan, L. L. D. Royal Professor of Feudal and English Law, in the University of Dublin: Late one of the Fellows, and Member of the Board, of the said College. Dublin: printed for the , and sold by all the booksellers, M,DCC,LXXVII. [1777]), [10], 326pp., [2].
- An Irregular Ode, as it is to be Performed in all the Cathedrals in Ireland, particularly in - Cloyne (Dublin: Printed by J. Moore No. 45, College-Green, MDCCLXXXVII. [1787]
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Parliamentary speeches |
- A Speech Spoken in the House of Commons of Ireland, on Monday, February the fourth, 1793, on the introduction of a petition on behalf of the Roman Catholics of Ireland, into the House. and on a motion made thereon for liberty to bring in a bill for their further relief [moved by] Mr. Secretary Hobart (Dublin: printed by W: MKenzie, No. 33, College-Green, M,DCC,XCIII. [1793]) [Note: Robert Hobart, 4th Earl of Buckinghamshire, b. 6 May 1760 in Ireland; Chief Secretary of Ireland; var. ADC to Viceroy Lord Rutland.]
- The Speeches of Sir Thomas Osborne, Bart. and Patrick Duigenan ... on the Catholic bill, in the Irish House of Commons, May 5, 1795 (London printed for J. Debrett, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly 1795).
- Speech of Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. in the Irish House of Commons, Wednesday, Feb. 5, 1800, on the subject of an incorporating union between Great-Britain and Ireland (London: printed by T. Baylis for J. Wright, Piccadilly 1800).
- The Speech of Patrick Duigenan,: Esq. L.L.D. in the House of Commons of Ireland, February 5, 1800, on His Excellency the Lord Lieutenants Message on the Subject of an Incorporating Union with Great Britain. Earnestly Recommended to the Serious Consideration of the Loyal Citizens of Dublin. (Dublin: printed [ by Rea] for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street 1800).
- The Speech of Dr. Duigenan, delivered in the House of Commons of the Imperial Parliament, May 10, 1805, in the debate on a petition presented in the name of the Roman Catholics of Ireland, by the Hon. Charles James Fox (London: Printed for J. Hatchard 1805).
- A true and well authenticated copy of the heads of a speech intended to be spoken in the Imperial Parliament on the 10th May, 1805, by a learned & Celebrated Doctor, on the Great and Important Question of Catholic Emancipation which is to be brought forward on that day by Mr. Fox. (S.l.: s.n, [1805]).
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See also Mr. Grattans Celebrated Speech on the Motion of Mr. Fox ... May 14, 1805, for the Irish Catholics, in reply to Dr. Duigenan (Dublin 1805).
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Political pamphlets |
An Answer to [...] Mr Grattan |
- An Answer to the Address of the Right Honourable Henry Grattan: ex-representative of the City of Dublin in Parliament, to his fellow citizens of Dublin. By Patrick Duigenan, L. L. D. a Citizen of Dublin, and one of the representatives of the City of Armagh in Parliament. To which are added, by way of Appendix: 1. The Address of the Catholics of Dublin in 1795, to Mr. Grattan, with his Answer at the Meeting in Francis-Street. 2. Mr. Grattans Address to the Electors of Dublin, in 1797. 3. Mr. Grattans (supposed) Letter to Dr. Duigenan, in 1798 (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street 1798), [12], 196, 44pp. [303pp.
- An Answer to the Address of the Right Honourable Henry Grattan (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street, 1798), [12], 196, 44pp.
- Do. [Second Edition] (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street, and J. Wright, Piccadilly, London 1799), [12], 196, 44pp. [Dublin printed.]
- Do., Third edition, with additions. To which are added, by way of Appendix: 1. The Address of the Catholics of Dublin in 1795, to Mr. Grattan, with his Answer at the Meeting in Francis-Street. 2. Mr. Grattans Address to the Electors of Dublin, in 1797. 3. Mr. Grattans (supposed) Letter to Dr. Duigenan, in 1798 (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street 1798).
- Do. [Fourth edition, with additions] (Dublin: Printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street, and J. Wright, Piccadilly, London., 1799, 196, 44pp.
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Note: Apparently the additions belong to all editions. |
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A Fair Representation [...] of Ireland |
- A Fair Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland; in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799 - Ireland with observation on ... The speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799 (London: printed [by S. Gornell] for J. Wright 1800), [4], 253pp., [3], 8° [see details]
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Political Tracts (incl. History of the Irish Rebellion) |
Note that his best-known work, A History of the Irish Rebellion (1801), is a London reprint of Political Tracts (Dublin 1800) with a more compelling title - and containing a collection of pamphlets rather than a historical writing in the true sense.
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- An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland: as by law established, explaining the real causes of the commotions and insurrections in the southern parts of this kingdom, respecting tithes ... (Dublin: Henry Watts 1786), [4], 114pp. [see details].
- Political Tracts by Patrick Duigenan, LL.D. representative for the city of Armagh, in Parliament [...] (Dublin: Printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street, 1800); Doissued as History of the Irish Rebellion; An Impartial History of the Late Rebellion in Ireland, and of the Union Between Great Britain and Ireland (London A. Hogg at the Kings Arms [1801]) [see details and note on contents and date - infra].
- The Nature and Extent of the Demands of the Irish Roman Catholics Fully Explained; in observations and strictures on a pamphlet, entitled, A history of the Penal Laws against the Irish Roman Catholics. (London: printed for J. J. Stockdale 1810), [2], 247, [1]p. [reply to A History of the Penal Laws [...] from the Treaty of Limerick to the Union, 1808].
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Replies to Duigenans pamphlets (sel.) |
- A Short, Plain, Civil Answer to a Long, Laboured and Illiberal Pamphlet, intitled: An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland, &c., &c., by a Layman [i.e., Patrick Duigenan] (Dublin: printed by P. Byrne, No. 108, Grafton-Street, M.DCC.LXXXVII [1787]), 49pp, [1], 8vo).
- Strictures on a Pamphlet "An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland" [1786], signed Theophilus [i.w., Duigenan] explaining the real causes of the discontents in every part of this kingdom respecting tithes, explaining the real causes of the discontents respecting tithes. By a farmer (Dublin: 1787) [TCD].
- [Anon.,] A Letter Addressed to the Public, on the subject of tithes, and the late outrages: in which the propositions and plan of Theophilus, in his late address to the Lords and Commons, are amicably discussed / by a friend to equity and moderation (Dublin: printed and sold by R. Marchbank, No. 11, Dame-Street, M,DCC,LXXXVII. [1787]).
- A Letter on Tithes, and the Late Outrages; in which the propositions of Theophilus in his late address to the Lords and Commons are discussed (Dublin 1787).
- Amyas Griffith, Miscellaneous tracts. Containing. I. A narrative of the misfortunes of the author, II. A letter to Dominick Trant, Esq. relative to his pamphlet against the Munster peasantry, III. Observations on the Bishop of Cloynes pamphlet; in which the doctrine of tithes is ... considered, IV.ç Extract of Theophiluss [i.e., Duigenan] letter to the author, with a rejoinder, V. A letter to Daniel Toler ... relative to ... the Rev. Nicholas Sheehy (&c.). (Dublin: printed for the author by James Mehain, No. 75 Aungier-Street, MDCCLXXXVIII (1788).
- Observations on the Meaning of the Words, Protestant ascendancy, and Orangemen: Including some strictures on other parts, of the answer of Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. judge of the Prerogative Court, to Mr. Grattan: addressed to the learned doctor. [by a] Citizen. ( Dublin: Printed for A. Smyth, and sold by the booksellers, 1798).
- Observations on the present state of party and prejudice in Ireland, with remarks on ...: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland, / written by Patrick Duigenan ..., by A member of the Irish parliament. (Dublin: printed for James Moore, ..., 1799)
- The State of His Majestys subjects in Ireland professing the Roman Catholic religion. Part II: Containing the refutation of two libels, the one entitled, An answer to Henry Grattan the other, A fair representation, and both under the false name of Pat. Duigenan, &c. (Dublin: printed by H. Fitzpatrick, 1800), [2], 157pp., [1]; see note].
- Peter Flood, Letter from the Rev. Peter Flood, D.D. president of the R.C. Col. Maynooth, to the Hon. *** ****, M.P. London, relative to a pamphlet, entitled "A Fair Representation of the Present "Political state of Ireland," By Patrick Duigenan,L.L.D. &c. (Printed by H. Fitzpatrick, No. 2, Upper Ormond-quay Dublin 1800).
- Refutation of Dr. Duigenans Appendix, or, An attempt to ascertain the extent, population and wealth, of Ireland, and the relative numbers, as well as property of its Protestant and Roman Catholic inhabitants (London: Printed for J. Stockdale, 1800).
- [Patrick Lattin,] Observations on Dr. Duigenans Fair Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland: particularly, with respect to his strictures on a pamphlet, entitled The Case of Ireland Reconsidered (London: Sold by J. Debrett, Piccacilly 1800), vi, 128 pages [Patrick Laffin was the anonymous author of "The case of Ireland reconsidered", London: Stockdale 1800; see reference - infra.]
- [Theobald McKenna,] Argument against extermination / occasioned by Dr. Duigenans Representation of the present political state of Ireland; By a friend to the United Kingdom (London: printed by Keating, Brown, and Co. No. 37, Duke-Street, Grosvenor-Square. Sold also by Debret, Piccadilly, and Faulder, New Bond-street 1801).
- Robert Bellew [or Bellow], Hibernica trinoda necessitas. A regulation of tithes, a provision for the Catholic clergy, and Catholic Emancipation.: Thoughts on the foregoing heads, ... observations on the opinions of ... Patrick Duigenan (London: J. Ginger 1803).
- J. C. Hippisley, The Substance of a speech intended to have been delivered in the House of Commons: chiefly in reply to the observations of Dr. Duigenan, on the 10 May 1805, in the debate on the petition of the Roman Catholics of Ireland, with notes, and an appendix. / by Sir J.C. Hippisley (London: Keating, Brown and Co. 1805).
- [Alexander Knox,] An Answer to the Right Hon. P. Duigenans two great arguments against the full enfranchisement of the Irish Roman Catholics. By a member of the Establishment (Dublin: printed by C. La Grange 1810).
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Note: State of His Majestys Subjects [...] Pt. II is a sequel to The State of His Majestys subjects in Ireland professing the Roman Catholic religion. Part I. Containing an account of the conduct of the Roman Catholic clergy in Wexford, during the rebellion of 1798; and the refutation of a pamphlet signed Veridicus (Dublin: Fitzgerald; London: Debrett 1799), iv, 72pp., 8° [London copy - 4, 94pp., 12°] Pt. II bears the title above and an epigraph reading: "Scurra vagus, non qui civem distingueret hoste, qui libet in quem vis opprobria fingere syus.
[the scoundrel (vagrant) is not he who tells a citizen from an enemy but he who invents insults about anyone]."
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Modern reprints |
- A Fair Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland [... &c.] [1800; rep. edn.] (Forgotten Books 2019).
- History of the Irish Rebellion [... &c.] 1800?; rep. edn.] Hardpress Publ. Co. 2012), 576pp.
- The Nature and Extent of the Demands of the Irish Roman Catholics Fully Explained [rep. edn.] (Forgotten Books 2019).
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Bibliographical details
A Fair Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland; in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799 - Ireland, with observation on ... The speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799 (London: printed [by S. Gornell] for J. Wright 1800), [4], 253pp., [3], 8° |
FIRST EDITION: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled Considerations on the State of Public Affairs in the Year 1799,- Ireland; with Observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of an Incorporating Union of Great Britain and Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled The Speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. One of the Representatives of the City of Armagh in Parliament. (London: for J. Wright, Piccadilly, 1799; printed by S. Gosnell), [4], 253pp., [3], 8o [Available at HathiTrust - online.]
A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets ; one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered (by Patrick Lattin) ; the other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with observations on other modern publications on the subject of an incorporating Union of Great Britain and Ireland, particularly on a pamphlet entitled The speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799, by Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. one of the representatives of the city of Armagh. Dublin: Printed for J. Milliken, Grafton-Street 1800).
SECOND EDITION: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with Observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of an incorporating union of great Britain and Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled the speech of Lord Minto in the house of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L. L. D. one of the representatives of the city of Armagh in Parliament. Genuine edition, corrected by the author, with additions. (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken 1800).
A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of An Incorporating Union of Great Britain And Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled the speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. One of the Representative of the City Of Armagh in Parliament. The Second Edition (London: printed [by S. Gosnell] for J. Wright, Piccadilly, 1799.
THIRD EDITION: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland;: ... strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in ... 1799, ... with observations ... particularly on ... The speech of Lord Minto ... 11 April, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, ... Third Edition (London: Printed for J. Wright. printed by S. Gosnell [colophon 1800).
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See also Extract from Dr. Duigenans Fair representation of the present political state of Ireland in 1800 (Dublin 1805). |
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History of the Irish Rebellion; An Impartial History of the Late Rebellion in Ireland, and of the Union Between Great Britain and Ireland (London A. Hogg at the Kings Arms [1801]), [3 parts:] I: 240pp, II: 253pp.; Part III: 50pp. CONTENTS [stated on title-page]: General Preface [iii]-iv; Part I: An Answer to an Address of ... Henry Grattan (Contents [6pp.]; pp.[1]-240); Part II: A Fair Representation of the Political State of Ireland (pp.[1]-253; Part III: Speech of Patrick Duigenan in the Irish House of Commons Wed. Feb. 5 1800 on the subject of an Incorporating Union .. (pp.[1]-50; end). Advertisement for New Editions of Erskines History of the Causes and Consequences of the Late War with France (t.p. verso; p.[ii].) General Preface pp.[iii]-iv].[End.] - available at Internet Archive in a copy held in Toronoto UL - online. [See note on Contents and Date of Publication - infra.] |
Title page details (p.i.): (Dr. Duigenans) History of the Irish Rebellion / An Impartial History of the late Rebellion in Ireland and of the Union between Great Britain and Ireland in Three Parts: Part I: Containing an answer to the Address of the Right Hon. HENRY GRATTAN to his Fellow Citizens of Dublin; Part II: A Fair Representation of the then Political State of the Country; Part III: A Speech in the House of Commons on the Subject of an Incorporating Union. By Patrick Duigenan, LLD, Member of the New Imperial Parliament of Great Britain and Ireland for the City of Armagh. A New Edition. (London: Printed for Alex Hogg, at the Kings Arms, No. 16, Paternoster-Row.) Do. [rep. edn.] (Hardpress Publ. Co. 2012, 576pp.
Part I -title-page [n.d.]: An Answer to the Address of the Right Hon. Henry Grattan [...] to His Fellow Citizens of Dublin [sep. t.p.; n.d.; being otherwise the t.p. of the 1799 pamphlet]. [Part I:] An Answer ... to ... Henry Grattan has whole-page title which includes the epigraph: Thy Tongue imagineth Wickedness, and with Lies thou cuttest like a sharp Razor. /
Thou hast loved Unrighteousness more than Goodness, and to talk of Lies more than Righteousness. /
Thou haft loved to speak all words that may do hurt, O thou false Tongue! —PSALM lii. Ver. 3, 4, 5. PT. I - CONTENTS [pp.vii-xi]: Mr. Grattan rejected with contempt the instructions of his constituents, the citizens of Dublin [2]; [Mr. Grattan] reprobated tythes as a prelude to his attempt to ssubvert the Protestant Church Establishment in Ireland [3]; [Mr. Grattan] declined to offer himself a Candidate to represent the City of Dublin in the present Parliament from a certainty of rejection [7]; [Mr. Grattan]s project of reform is a project or the separation of Ireland from the British Empire. [8]; —s conduct in the regency business proves his design to separate Ireland from the British Empire. [10]; [Mr. Grattan]s intrigues with the Romanics of Ireland to effect a separation of Ireland from the British Empire [12]; Mr. Grattan causes a Romish Convention to assemble in Dublin. Page [16]; [Mr. Grattan]s designs favoured and supported by the republican faction in England. [8]; Character and projects of the late Mr. Edmund Burke. [19]; Mr. Grattans conduct during the short Lieutenancy of Earl Fitzwilliam. [21] [Mr. Grattan]s outrageous conduct on the recall of Earl Fitzwilliam. [23]; —s factious answer to the address of the Romish assembly at Francis-street chapel [24]; [Mr. Grattan] openly justifies the horrible Irish massacre of 1641. [29]; Remarks on Mr. Grattans gross abuse of the Earl of Strafford. [23]; Remarks on Mr. Grattans justification of the barbarous Romish massacre in 1641. [33]; Proceedings of the Romish assembly at Francis-street Chapel on the 9th of April 1794. [41]; Account of Mr. Theobald Wolfe Tone. [45]; Mr. Tones State of Ireland for the use of the French convention. [46]; Mr. Grattans list of grievances with remarks on it. [54]; [Mr. Grattan]s views in exaggerating the power of France. and depreciating that of Great Britain, and introducing the separation of America from Britain into his Address [63]; Discussion of the question whether the power of Great Britain be diminished by the separation of America. [69]; Further Remarks on Mr. Grattans Introduction of the American Revolution in his address. [70]; Remarks on the different situations and circumstances of America and Ireland. [74]; The events of former rebellions in Ireland for the purpose of severing Ireland from the British Empire recited. [77] Mr. Grattans charge of corruption against the present Irish government refuted. [83]; Mr. Grattans assiduity and success in carrying on the trade of parliament. [88]; Mr. Grattan violently opposed the Act of Renunciation which alone could secure the independence of the Irish legislature, and his reasons for so doing. [91]; [Mr. Grattan] violently opposed a parliamentary censure on a libel published in England purporting to be a copy of a speech of Mr. Fox [92]; Mr. Grattans arguments in favour of Emancipation. [96]; Romiah Titular Bishops in Ireland have published seditious libels under the Title of Pastoral Letters. [98]; The pastoral letter of Doctor Troy, titular archbishop of Dublin, with remarks upon it [111]; Further remarks of Mr. Grattan for Emancipation [118]; Mr. Grattan grossly misrepresents the impediment to the Catholic claim of emancipation. [123]; The real impediment to the claim of emancipation [125]; A great share of temporal power adheres to and is inseparably connected with the supremacy in spirituals [127]; Mr. Grattans argument drawn from the imbecility of the Pope as a temporal prince, examined and refuted [130]; [Mr. Grattan]s argument drawn from the state of the province of Canada, examined and refuted. [132]; [Mr. Grattan]s assertion that the Irish Romanists have a natural and indefeaftble right to a full participation of the legislative and executive capacities, examined and refuted [134]; [Mr. Grattan]s argument drawn from the contribution of the Romanists to the expenditure of the war, and their fervice in the fleets, and armies, examined and refuted. [137]; Connexion of England and Ireland highly advantageous to both, but more especially to Ireland [141]; Remarks on a pamphlet, entitled, Some Observations on a late Address to the Citizens of Dublin [148]; Remarks on Mr. Grattans account of the creation of boroughs [153]; Mr. Grattans plan of reform in representation explained and exposed. [168]; The question, whether any and what kind of reform in representation is necessary, discussed. [178]; Objections against the present state of borough representation considered. [279].
APPENDIX: The Address of the Catholics of Dublin, in 1795, and Mr. Grattan, with his Answer, at the Meeting in Francis-Street [n.p. [201]-203; 204-6]; 2. Mr. Grattans Address to the Electors of Dublin, 1797 [n.p.; 207-38; 3. Mr. Grattans (supposed) Letter to Dr. Duigenan in 1798 [n.p.; part of 238]. 4. Extracts from the Committee of Secrecy of the Roufi of Lords, Friday, August 3rd, 1798. [n.p.239-40; concerning a meeting between Grattan and Sam. Neilson, a United Irish leader]
Part II - CONTENTS: Strictures on a Pamphlet entitled The Case of Ireland Re-considered [9]; Observations on a Pamphlet entitled Arguments for and against an Union considered [94]; Continuation of the Strictures on the Case of Ireland Re-considered [103]; Strictures on a Pamphlet entitled Considerations on the State of Public Affairs in the Year 1799 — Ireland [138]; Observations on a Pamphlet entitled The Speech of Lord Minto in the House of Lords, April 11, 1799 [174]; Observations on a Pamphlet entitled ubstance of the Speech of Lord Sheffield, April 22, 1799 [207]; Observations on a Pamphlet entitled The Speech of the Right Honourable William Pitt [211]. APPENDIX. Calculation of the Number of Inhabitants in Ireland [235]; Relative Numbers of Protestants and Romanists In Ireland [240]; Comparative Property of Irish Protestants and Romanists [242].
Part III - Speech of Patrick Duigenan in the Irish House of Commons Wed. Feb. 5 1800 on the subject of an Incorporating Union between Great Britain and Ireland. CONTENTS: Speech, &c. &c. &c. (pp.[1]-50) [Includes quotations from Swift (Gullivers Travels), Locke (Treatise on Government) and Montesquieu (6th chap. of his 11th book).
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[See extracts under Quotations - as infra.] |
Note on Contents and Date of Publication: This is not a history of the United Irishmens Rebellion of 1798, as suggested by the title - and likewise implied in the article on Duigenan in the Dictionary of Irish Biography (RIA 2009). Instead, it is a London reprint of the works first issued in Dublin as:
Political tracts by Patrick Duigenan, LL.D., representative for the city of Armagh, in Parliament.: Consisting, I. An answer to the address of Henry Grattan, Esq. ex-representative of the city of Dublin in Parliament, to his fellow-citizens of Dublin. II. A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland, in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled, The case of Ireland reconsidered, the other entitled, Considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799-Ireland. III. Speech in the House of Commons of Ireland, 5th February, 1800, on His Excellency the Lord Lieutenants message on the subject of an incorporating union with Great Britain. (Dublin: Printed for J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-Street 1800).
— with contents identical to the History of the Irish Rebellion published in London in 1801. (It is clear from dates in the publishers advertisement in that that 1801 rather than 1800 must be the date of publication under that title. In fact most of the tracts (or pamphlets) collected in it date from before the Rebellion of 1798 and all of them date from before the Act of Union - the last being a speech made during the Union debate in the Irish House of Commons. Hence it appears that the earlier volume of Political Tracts were repackaged in London to attract a wider readership whose appetite for sensational accounts of the United Irishmans rebellion and its suppression led to the successful sale of books by Sir Richard Musgrave and Charles Jackson and Sir Richard Musgrave, with the added benefit of attracting a reputation for grim prescience to Duigenan though his account of the origin of the Rebellion in the inherently wicked character of "Romanists" was not very widely accepted and hotly disputed by other writers who did not share the same virulently "loyalist" outlook or the vested interests of the Protestants landowners of Ireland. References to Scullabogue and other United Irish massacres of Protestants figure only in his Union speech of February 5 1800 and do not in any real way represent a historical account. In fact they figure only as part of the polemical method of frights and alarms based on blood-curdling reminders of the 1641 Rebellion with which his career as a sectarian writer began with The Alarm: or, an Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland in 1783 - a warning that the move towards Irish independence involved an inevitable threat to the security of the Protestants as major holders of Irish property and wealth - a fact to which he baldly adverted on every possible occasion.
The detail in his History of the Irish Rebellion which comes closest to establishing its actual date at which it was pubished by Alex Hogg in London is that publishers advertisement for a historical work entitled History of the Causes and Consequences of the late War with France by Thomas Erskine, mentioning specifically among the valued contents correct copies of preliminary articles of peace, signed Oct. 1, 1801 and the Definitive Treaty, Amiens, March 27, 1802, as well as Mr Erskines Remarkable Speech in the House of Commons, Feb. 1 1800, on Mr Pitts Refusal to treat with the French Republic. Taken together this must mean that the volume described in library catalogues as the first edition of Duigenans largest and best-known book cannot have been prior to the Treaty of Amiens. (It is possible that the title History of the Irish Rebellion was installed at Alex Hoggs request, given that histories were his stock in trade.) A further advertisement prefixed to Part III of the book, which contains Duigenans Commons speech of February 1800, offers for sale a newly published edition of Buchans Domestic Medicine revised by George Wallis and printed only for Alex Hogg in Paternoster Row. The printers are said to be Allen, Pater-noster Row; S. Gosnell, Little Queen-Street, and R. Baylis, Greville-Street, London - all cited on the adverisement for Erskines history. While Baylis alone is cited in the colophon on the last page of Duigenans book (Pt 3, p.50) Gosnell was the printer of several other books by Duigenan at the behest of the publishers John Wright in 1788 and John Hatchard in 1808.)
Note, additionally, that A Fair Representation [... &c.], the speech of Feb. 5 1800, had already appeared in Millikens 9th volume of Tracts of the Subject of the Union [...] published by Milliken in 1800 - the latest item in which was a speech by the Viceroy, Lord Cornwallis, on 1 Aug. 1800 - this, again, suggesting a later date for the volume in which it was published in by Duigenan himself.
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An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland (1783) |
DUBLIN EDITIONS |
Preliminary version: The Alarm: or, An Address to the Nobility, Gentry, and Clergy, of the Church of Ireland, as by law established. Mentor. (Dublin: printed for Henry Watts, No. 6, Skinner-Row, M,DCCLXXXIII [1783], 44pp. [QUB; bound with Foster pamphlets Vol. 117].
First Edition: An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the hurch of Ireland: as by law established: explaining the real causes of the commotions and insurrections in the southern parts of this kingdom, respecting tithes: and the real motives and designs of the projectors and abettors of those commotions and insurrections: and containing a candid inquiry in the practicability of substituting any other mode of subsistence and maintenance for the clergy of the church established, consistent with the principles of reason and justice, in the place of tithes / by a layman. (Dublin: Printed by Henry Watts, and to be had of all the booksellers 1786), 112pp., 8o [signed Theophilus on p.109;
Second Edition: An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the hurch of Ireland: as by law established. : Explaining the real causes of the commotions and insurrections in the southern parts of this kingdom, respecting Tithes. And the real motives and designs of the projectors and abettors of those commotions and insurrections: and containing a candid inquiry into the practicability of substituting any other mode of subsistence and maintenance for the clergy of the Church established, consistent with the principles of reason and justice, in the place of Tithes. By Theophilus.(Dublin : Printed by Henry Watts, Skinner-Row, and to be had of all the booksellers M,DCC,LXXXVII. [1787]), vii, [1], 112pp. [i.e., 114pp.].
Third Edition: An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the hurch of Ireland: as by law established, explaining the real causes of the commotions and insurrections in the southern parts of this kingdom, respecting tithes / by Theophilus. 3rd edition, with additions ([Dublin printed, London reprinted] printed by S. Gosnell] for J. Hatchard 1808), xiii, 120pp., 23cm. |
LONDON EDITIONS |
An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the hurch of Ireland: as by law established. Explaining the causes of the commotions and insurrections in the southern parts of this kingdom, respecting Tithes. And The real Motives and Designs of the Projectors and Abettors of those Commotions and insurrections: And containing a candid inquiry into the practicability of substituting any other mode of subsistence and maintenance for the clergy of the Church established, consistent with the Principles of Reason and Justice, in the Place of Tithes. By a layman. (London [Dublin printed; London reprinted, for G. Kearsley, at No 46, in Fleet-Street, 1786), [4], 112pp.
An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the hurch of Ireland: ... explaining the causes of the commotions ... respecting tithes, by a layman [signed Theophilus - ie., [Duigenan] (Lond. 1786); Do. [rep.] An address to the nobility and gentry of the Church of Ireland ... explaining the causes of the commotions ... respecting tithes, by a layman [signed Theophilus]. 3rd edm. (London: for printed by S. Gosnell for J. Hatchard 1808), xiii, 120pp., 23cm. |
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A Fair Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland [... &c.] (1799) - & var. editions: |
FIRST EDITION [Dublin]: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets ; one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered (by Patrick Lattin) ; the other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with observations on other modern publications on the subject of an incorporating Union of Great Britain and Ireland, particularly on a pamphlet entitled The speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799, by Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. one of the representatives of the city of Armagh. Dublin: Printed for J. Milliken, Grafton-Street 1800).
FIRST EDITION [London]: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled Considerations on the State of Public Affairs in the Year 1799,- Ireland; with Observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of an Incorporating Union of Great Britain and Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled The Speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. One of the Representatives of the City of Armagh in Parliament. (London: for J. Wright, Piccadilly, 1799; printed by S. Gosnell), [4], 253pp., [3], 8o [Available at HathiTrust online.]
SECOND EDITION [Dublin]: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with Observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of an incorporating union of great Britain and Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled the speech of Lord Minto in the house of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L. L. D. one of the representatives of the city of Armagh in Parliament. Genuine edition, corrected by the author, with additions. (Dublin: printed for J. Milliken 1800).
SECOND EDITION [London]: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland: in a course of strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled the case of Ireland re-considered; the other entitled considerations on the state of public affairs in the year 1799, - Ireland; with observations on other modern Publications on the Subject of An Incorporating Union of Great Britain And Ireland, Particularly on a Pamphlet entitled the speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, L.L.D. One of the Representative of the City Of Armagh in Parliament. The Second Edition (London: printed [by S. Gosnell] for J. Wright, Piccadilly, 1799.
THIRD EDITION: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland;: ... strictures on two pamphlets, one entitled The case of Ireland re-considered; he other entitled Considerations on the state of public affairs in ... 1799, ... with observations ... particularly on ... The speech of Lord Minto ... 11 April, 1799. By Patrick Duigenan, ... Third edition (London: Printed for J. Wright. printed by S. Gosnell [colophon 1800])
Another copy is to be found in Duigenans History of the Irish Rebellion; An Impartial History of the Late Rebellion in Ireland (London [1802?]) and earlier still in his Tracts on the Union (Dublin 1800). See also the Extract from Dr. Duigenans Fair representation of the present political state of Ireland in 1800 (Dublin 1805).
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See Tracts on the Subject of an Union, between Great Britain and Ireland. Volume the ninth: Containing, I: Pro and con; being an epitome or impartial abstract of the principal publications for and against the subject of a legislative union. II: The utility of union illustrated and set forth in a variety of statements / by Theophilus Swift, Esq. III: Plain truths, and correct statement of facts, in reply to Mr. Grattans answer to the lord chancellors speech. IV: Observations on some passages in the publications of a citizen of Dublin, lately disfranchised, in a letter from Hipodidascalus to the Right Hon. Barry Lord Yelverton. V: Protestant ascendancy and Catholic emancipation reconciled, by a legislative union between Great Britain and Ireland. VI. A letter to the farmers and traders of Ireland, on the subject of union. VII: A letter from Atticus, to the people of Ireland. VIII: Speech of Richard Martin, Esq. in the House of Commons, on May 21, 1800, for leave to bring in the union bill. IX: Review of Mr. Grattans answer to the Earl of Clare. X: Speech of Charles Ball, Esq. May 21, 1800. XI: Memoirs of Francis Dobbs, Esq. with his speeches on the union. XII: A fair representation of the present political state of Ireland, by Pat. Duigenan, L.L.D. XIII: His Majestys speech, July 29; and His excellency the marquis Cornwalliss speech, August 1st, 1800. (Dublin: Sold by J. Milliken, 32, Grafton-street 1800).
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Criticism
Richard Ryan: Duigenan opposition to Hely Hutchinson when Provost of TCD is the subject of a lengthy anecdote in Richard Ryans article on Hutchinson in Biographia Hibernica [...] Irish Worthies, Vol. II (1821) at pp.335-38 [available in RICORSO Library - via index or as attached].
Thomas Moore: Moores Complete Poems (in Complete Works, intro. Wm. Rossetti 1900) cites Duigenan prominently in a satire entitled Intolerance - commencing:
Intolerance |
Start not, my friend, nor think the Muse will stain
Her classic fingers with the dust profane
Of Bulls, Decrees and all those thundering scrolls
Which took such freedom once with royal souls,]
When heaven was yet the popes exclusive trade,
And kings were damned as fast as now theyre made,
No, no — let Duigenan search the papal chair
For fragrant treasures long forgotten there;
And, as the witch of sunless Lapland thinks
That little swarthy gnomes delight in stinks,
Let sallow Perceval snuff up the gale
Which wizard Duigenans gathered sweets exhale.
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—Available at Gutenberg Project - online. |
Moore subjects him to ridicule again in one of his Interrcepted Letters entitled IV. From the Right Hon. Patrick Duigenan to the Right Hon. Sir John Nicol - which takes the following form:
Letter IV: From the Right Hon. Patrick Duigenan to the Right Hon. Sir John Nichol |
This clamor which pretends to be raised for the safety of religion has almost worn put the very appearance of it, and rendered us not only the most divided but the most immoral people upon the face of the earth. (ADDISON, Freeholder, No. 37.) |
Last week, dear Nichol, making merry
At dinner with our Secretary,
When all were drunk or pretty near
(The time for doing business here),
Says he to me, Sweet Bully Bottom!
These Papist dogs — hiccup — od rot em! —
Deserve to be bespattered — hiccup —
With all the dirt even you can pick up.
But, as the Prince (heres to him — fill —
Hip, hip, hurra!) — is trying still
To humbug them with kind professions,
And as you deal in strong expressions —
Rogue — traitor — hiccup — and all that —
You must be muzzled, Doctor Pat! —
You must indeed — hiccup — thats flat. —
Yes — muzzle was the word Sir John —
These fools have clapt a muzzle on
The boldest mouth that eer run oer
With slaver of the times of yore! —
Was it for this that back I went
As far as Lateran and Trent,
To prove that they who damned us then
Ought now in turn be damned again?
The silent victim still to sit
Of Grattans fire and Cannings wit,
To hear even noisy Mathew gabble on,
Nor mention once the Whore of Babylon!
Oh! tis too much — who now will be
The Nightman of No-Popery?
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What Courtier, Saint or even Bishop
Such learned filth will ever fish up?
If there among our ranks be one
To take my place, tis _thou_, Sir John;
Thou who like me art dubbed Right Hon.
Like me too art a Lawyer Civil
That wishes Papists at the devil.
To whom then but to thee, my friend,
Should Patrick his Port-folio send?
Take it — tis thine — his learned Port-folio,
With all its theologic olio
Of Bulls, half Irish and half Roman —
Of Doctrines now believed by no man —
Of Councils held for mens salvation,
Yet always ending in damnation —
(Which shows that since the worlds creation
Your Priests, whateer their gentle shamming,
Have always had a taste for damning,)
And many more such pious scraps,
To prove (what weve long proved, perhaps,)
That mad as Christians used to be
About the Thirteenth Century,
There still are Christians to be had
In this, the Nineteenth, just as mad!
Farewell — I send with this, dear Nichol,
A rod or two Ive had in pickle
Wherewith to trim old Grattans jacket. —
The rest shall go by Mondays packet.
P. D. |
—Available at Gutenberg Project - online. |
Note: Sir John Nichol as a Welshman, a lawyer - Kings Advocate in 1806 and Judge of the High Court Admiralty in 1833 - and also an MP. He was a staunch Tory who steadily opposed parliamentary reform and Roman Catholic emancipation but was noted for the impartiality of his judgements. (See Wikipedia - online.)
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J. A. Froude: Froude gives an account of Duigenans fanatical oratory in The English In Ireland in the 18th Century (1872-74), Vol. 3., p.98 [Bk. VIII, chap. II].
James Bryce: Bryce recounts an anti-Catholic address made by Duigenan in Westminster on 13 May 1805, and Grattans moderating response, 2 Centuries of Irish History, 1691-1870 (1888), p.232).
Rev. Dr. Hamill: There is an account of Duigenan by Rev. Dr. Hammill in a 6pp.-off-print among Maddens papers in the Gilbert Collection at Pearse St. Library, Dublin (Gilbert MS 276).
See also James Kelly, The Act of Union: Its Origin and Background, in Acts of Union: The Causes, Contexts and Consequences of the Act of Union, ed. Dáire Keogh & Kevin Whelan Dublin: Four Courts Press 2001) [further details under Sir Richard Musgrave, q.v.]
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Commentary
Patrick Kennedy, Modern Irish Anecdotes (n.d.), p.54, offers a sardonic portrait of Duigenan: born of obscure Roman Catholic parents, and bred, up to early manhood, in their faith, became Scholar, and then Fellow of Trinity College, not only quarrelled with the faith of his poor relations, he quarrelled with the provost, and every one who did not fall down and adopt his opinions, which were as variable as his fortunes [...]; published Pranceriana in ridicule of provosts planned riding school, and added Lachrymae Academicae to open the worlds eyes to the effeminacy and bad management of the College authorities. [...] Dr Madden, who does anything but revere Dr. Patricks memory [...] d. April 1816. Kennedy goes on the narrate that a reporter gave out that a gentlemen with a decided smell of brimstone visited the bedchamber of the dying man, and in spite of refutation on a large placard made by Giffard the editor of Dublin Journal from his balcony, the corporation refused to assist at the funeral.
Benedict Kiely, Poor Scholar (1947; 1972), calls Duigenan him the kiln-dried Protestant who had publicly read his recantation of the errors of the Church of Rome, changed his name from ODeweganan to Duigenan, become remarkable for ever as a man of the rudest manners and the most intolerant principles. Patrick Duigenan came from a poor cabin in the bleak western land of Leitrim, from the influence of a father who herded cattle and wanted his son to be a priest, from six years wandering as a poor scholar, from the patronage of a kindly Protestant clergyman to a position at the Irish Bar and the political championship of the most rabid anti-Catholicism; Kiely compares him with the Tithe Proctor in his subject, Carletons, fiction. (See Kiely p.80; citing Sketches of Irish Political Characters, London 1799).
Rosamund Jacob, The Rise of the United Irishmen 1791-94 (1927) calls him advocate general, and formerly a Catholic; with Speaker Foster, Ogle, and David La Touche, he was among the opposition to the Relief measures proposed in 1793.
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Quotations
History of the Irish Rebellion (i.e., Tracts of Patrick Duigenan) (1801) |
General Preface: |
In this Collection of our Authors Works on the late Rebellion of Ireland, and the necessity of an incorporating Union between Great Britain and our Sister Kingdom, the Reader is not only presented with a fair Reprefentation of the then political State of the latter, but with a complete Review of all the Pamphlets which had been formerly published on this interesting Subject, particularly one, entitled, The Case of Ireland considered another, Considerations on the State of Public Affairs in the- Year 1799 and The Speech of Lord Minto in the House of Peers, April 11, 1799. / A retrospect of those late disturbances and distractions which have led to the now nearer alliance of Ireland to England, must to the ruminating mind be highly satisfactory, as it affords the means of comparing the present with the past, and displays the happy effeds of that remedy (i. e. The Union) which was so judiciously prescribed. / In perusing the following pages the Reader must be aware of the dates in which they were produced; consequently, the repeated terms of New, Present, &c. apply to the time of then writing; and this having been the time of War, several harsh expressions must be overlooked; expressions which should have been expunged in this NEW EDITION, had the tenor of what followed permitted; but this intimation being judged sufficient, we have republished the whole without any variation, except a few occasional Notes. ([iii]-iv.) [End; note - archaic f for s have here been replaced.
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peech in the Irish House of Commons, 5 Feb. 1800; |
United Ireland and the French Republic: |
It is worth while now to bestow a little consideration on what will be the fate of Ireland, in case an Incorporating Union be rejected. In the first place it is evident, from the various causes of dispute and animosity between Great Britan [sic for Britain] and Ireland,, now subsisting under their present system of precarious and imperfect connection, and from the turbulence, avarice and ambition of some, and the Jacobinical, anarchical, revolutionary principles of other agitators, with whom the country is at present cursed; who have falsely assumed, and thereby debased and degraded the title of Patriots; and from the bitter and malignant spirits of a great portion of the lower order of our inhabitants, inspired by the principles of a gloomy, unsociable, unrelenting, sanguinary superstition, that the two Nations cannot be kept together for any considerable time by their present frail and brittle bonds of connection. Separation, therefore, or rather an attempt at separation, frorn Britain, will be the certain consequence of the rejection of this measure. I will first assume, that a sufficient attempt at separation shall be effected, it must, if at all, be effected by Rebellion [45] and the assistance of a French army: the civil war will waste this unhappy country from one extremity to the other; and exclusive of the miserable slaughter attendant on a civil war, the whole moveable property of the nation, and all its improvements, will be destroyed and ruined, and the successful surviving rebel will have the miserable triumph of subjecting himself and his posterity to the bondage of France, and becoming a member of a wrethied, impoverished, democratic Republic, which will itself be a slave to the French democracy.
Ye Protestants of Ireland! let me call your attention to what will, be your lot in such an event. No successful attempt at separation can be made without your assistance and co-operation; you are now possessed of infinitely the greatest portion of the wealth and property, moveable and immoveable, of me Nation. You will therefore be infinitely the greatest losers by a Rebellion, which will be a gulf to swallow up all property; you must associate yourselves and be companions in arms with the hungry French assassins, and [46] murderous crew of United Irishmen; you do not amount to more than one-third of the inhabitants of Ireland, the other two-thirds are your mortal enemies, as well on the score of your religion, as your riches: when you shall have assisted in your own ruin, and separated yourselves from Britain, and concurred in establishing a democratic Irish Republic; when you shall be reduced to the same equality of indigence which in such case must be the lot of all, when perfect equality of beggary is introduced, and the Irish Nation is become the vassal of France, do you expect that you will have any security for your lives? Will the descendants of the Irish murderers in 1641, who massacred in cold blood such multitudes of your ancestors, now double your numbers, and on a level with you in all other respects, and assisted by the sanguinary French robbers in the event of successful Rebellion, abstain from their habits of murder ? Does their recent conduct at Scollabogue, at Wexford, at Vinegar-Hill, inspire you with hopes of safety, when they shall have you in their power? As well may the trembling hind, inclosed in the paws of the ravenous [47] hungry, hope for mercy! The pike and the skeine will soon dispatch such of you as may survive the horrors and miseries of even a successful Rebellion.
* * *
And you, ye deluded Citizens of Dublin! whom traitors have found means to detach from your true interests, have you ever considered what is to be the unavoidable fate of your City in case of a separation from Great Britain [...]
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—from History of the Irish Rebellion; An Impartial History of the Late Rebellion in Ireland, and of the Union Between Great Britain and Ireland (London [n.d.; ?1801]), Pt. III: pp.44-47. |
On the Legislative Independence of Ireland, 1782 (Speech of 1800) |
I have been somewhat surprised at finding this House so frequently amused with declamations on the point, whether the settlement of 1782 was intended by the two kingdoms as a final adjustment of all matters then in dispute, so as effectually to secure that perpetual connection necessary to the happiness, almost to the existence of both as free States, and to preclude all future possibility of separation. I look on the question, whether that settlement, at the time it was concluded, was considered or intended to be final or not, as totally immaterial. Debates upon it put me in mind of the conduct of lawyers on a suit, as described by that sagacious observer of mankind, Captain Lemuel Gulliver: In pleading says the Captain, they studiously avoid entering [6] into the merits of the cause, but are loud, violent and tedious in dwelling upon all circumstances which are not to the purpose; for instance, if my neighbour claims my cow, they never desire to know what title my adversary has to my cow, but whether the said cow were red or black, her horns long or short, whether the field I graze her in were round or square, and the like.
The true question on the settlement of 1782 to be resolved by this House, is, Whether that Settlement be such as does effectually secure the perpetual connection of the two kingdoms? and not whether it was considered as final at the time it was entered into.
Sir, the present connection between Great Britain and Ireland is such as has no parallel in the history of the world: it contains in it anomalies heretofore unknown to the law of nations, and the seeds of dissolution; these anomalies must be corrected, and these seeds must be effectually prevented from striking root; which can [7] be only effected by an Incorporating Union of the two kingdoms. Separation, or rather an unsuccessful attempt at separation, which will be attended with the utter ruin and desolation -of this kingdom by civil war, will be the unavoidable and necessary consequence of the rejection of that only effectual remedy.
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in History of the Rebellion [.... &c.] (n.d. [?1801]), Pt. III, pp.5-7; available at Internet Archive - online) |
GB & Ireland: The present connection with Great Britain and Ireland is such as has no parallel in the history of the world: it contains in it anomalies heretofore unknown to the law of nations, and the seeds of dissolution these anomalies must be corrected; and these seeds must be effectally prevented from striking root; which can be only effected by an incorporating union of the two kingdoms. (Speech of Patrick Duigenan, LLD in the Irish House of Commons, Wednesday February 5 1800, on the subject of an incorporating union between Great Britain and Ireland, London 1800, pp.6-7; quoted in Claire Connolly, Writing the Union, in Dáire Keogh & Kevin Whelan, eds., Acts of Union: The Causes, Contexts and Consequences of the Act of Union, Dublin: Four Courts Press 2001, p.179.)
Irish Presbyterians: They are all rebels in their natures ... they sip sedition with their mothers milk and no wonder they should always be ripe for insurrection. (Quoted James Kelly, Relations between Presbyterians and Episcopalians in Ireland, 18th c., in Eire-Ireland (?Fall 1988), p.38.
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References
C. Litton Falkiner, Studies in Irish History and Biography (Longman & Co [1901]); Patrick Duigenan, chief exponent of Irish Protestant opinion, prof. of law at TCD, henchman of Lord Clare, placed by Wellington on Irish privy council.
D. J. ODonohue, Poets of Ireland (1909) list Peter Lattin with details: [Author of] The Henkriad, translated from Voltaire. Son of George Lattin, and born in 1726 at Morristown, Lattin, Co. Kildare. Was educated in Paris, and joined the Irish Brigade, in which he became a captain. In 1792 he married Elzabeth, daughter and heiress of Robert Snow, of Drumdowney, Co. Kilkenny. He wrote the above-mentioned translation to assist a poor French émigré. Lord Cloncurry, his friend, mentions him several times in his Recollections as a man of wit and sense. He was a noted raconteur, and in Lady Morgan s Book of the Boudoir it is said that in his presence Sheil was silent, and Currandull. He published a pamphlet refuting some of Dr. Duigenans libels concerning the state of Ireland, and the latters reply led to an action in London, in which Lattan recovered large damages. He died in Paris in 1836. See for references Moore s Diary, vol. 2, p. 231; vol. 3, pp.319, 222, 248, 257, 258, and vol. 4, pp. 16, 17, 206. (DJOD, op. cit., p.243.)
Cathach Books (Cat. 12) lists Duigenan, An answer to the address of the Rt. Hon. Henry Grattan, to his fellow Citizens of Dublin (Dublin 1798).
Emerald Isle Books (1995) lists [Duigenan,] An Address to the Nobility and Gentry of the Church of Ireland, as by law established. Explaining the causes of the commotions and insurrections in the Southern Parts of This Kingdom, respecting tithes, and the real motives and designs of the projectors and abettors of these commitions and insurrections [&c.]. By a Layman (Dublin 1786; reprinted in London 1786), 114pp.
Belfast Public Library holds A Fair Representation of the Political State of Ireland (1799); An answer to the address of ... Grattan (1798); An Impartial History of the late rebellion in Ireland (18-); Lachrymae academicae, or the present deplorable state of ... Trinity College (1777); A Speech [in] the House of Commons (1743).
Belfast Linen Hall Library holds Rt. Hon Patrick Duigenan, 1) Extract of Theophiluss Letter to the Author, etc. (in Griffth, A., Miscellaneous Tracts, 1788); 2) MKenna, T., Arguments against Extermination occasioned by Dr. Duigenans Representation of the Present Political State of Ireland (1801).
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Notes
Considerations on the State of Public Affairs ... 1799 (1799) - aspersed by Duignenan here - is a work by Thomas Richard Bentley. [COPAC].
A portrait of Duigenan is included in the engraving of House of Commons of 1790 and its membership, now preserved in Bank of Ireland (College Green) [as figure No. 135 in key]. There is an engraving port. of Duigenan by James Heath in Sir Johan Barringtons Historic Anecdotes and Secret Memoirs (1810), which also includes a section on him.
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