Bonum est in quod tendit appetitus.
- S. Thomas Aquinas.
The good is that towards the possession of which an appetite tends: the good is the desirable. The, true and the beautiful are the most persistent orders of the desirable. Truth is desired by the intellectual appetite which is appeased by the most satisfying relations of the intelligible; beauty is desired by the aesthetic appetite which is appeased by the most satisfying relations of the sensible. The true and the beautiful are spiritually possessed; the true by intellectin, the beautiful by apprehension, and the appetites which desire to possess them, the intellectual and aesthetic appetites, are therefore spiritual appetites. ...
J. A. J. Pola, 7 XI 04.
Pulcera[e] sunt quae visa placent.
- S. Thomas Aquinas.
Those things are beautiful the apprehension of which pleases. Therefore beauty is that quality of a sensible object in virtue of which its apprehension pleases or satisfies the aesthetic appetite which desires to apprehend the most satisfying relations of the sensible. Now the act of apprehension involves at least two activities, the activity of cognition or simple perception and the activity of consequent satisfaction recognition. (If?) the activity of simple perception is like every other activity, itself pleasant (,?) every sensible object that has been apprehended can be said in the first place to have been and to be beautiful in a measure beautiful; and even the most hideous object can be said to have been and to be beautiful in SO far as it has been apprehended. In regard then to that part of the act of apprehension which is called the activity of simple perception there is no sensible object which cannot be said to be in a measure beautiful.
With regard to the second part of the act of apprehension which is called the activity of recognition it may further be said that there is no activity of simple perception to which there does not succeed in whatsoever measure the activity of recognition. For by the activity of recognition is meant an activity of decision; and in accordance with this activity in all conceivable cases a sensible object is said to be satisfying or dissatisfying. But the activity of recognition is, like every other activity, itself pleasant and therefore every object that has been apprehended is secondly in whatsoever measure beautiful. Consequently even the most hideous object may be said to be beautiful for this reason as it is a priori said to be beautiful in so far as it encounters the activity of simple perception.
Sensible objects, however, are said conventionally to be beautiful or not for neither of the foregoing reasons but rather by reason of the nature, degree and duration of the satisfaction resulting from the apprehension of them and it is in accordance with these latter merely that the words beautiful and ugly are used in practical aesthetic philosophy. It remains then to be said that these words indicate only a greater or less measure of resultant satisfaction and that any sensible object, to which the word ugly is practically applied, an object, that is, the apprehension of which results in a small measure of aesthetic satisfaction is, in so far as its apprehension results in any measure of satisfaction whatsoever, said to be for the third time beautiful. ...
J. A. J. Pola, 15 XI 04.
The Act of Apprehension.
It has been said that the act of apprehension involves at least two activities - the activity of cognition or simple perception and the activity of recognition. The act of apprehension, however, in its most complete form involves these activities - the third being the activity of satisfaction. By reason of the fact that these three activities are all pleasant themselves every sensible object that has been apprehended must be doubly and may be trebly beautiful. In practical aesthetic philosophy the epithets beautiful and ugly are applied with regard chiefly to the third activity, with regard, that is, to the nature, degree and duration of the satisfaction resultant from the apprehension of any sensible object and therefore any sensible object to which in practical aesthetic philosophy the epithet beautiful is applied must be trebly beautiful, must have encountered, that is, the three activities which are involved in the act of apprehension in its most complete form. Practically then the quality of beauty in itself must involve three constituents to encounter each of these three activities. ...
J. A. J. Pola, 16 XI 04.
Fragmentary Notes
Group 1
Greek culture (Iliad) Barbarian (Bible)
Spiritual and temporal power
Priests and police in Ireland
Catacombs and vermin
La Suggestions Letteraria.
Ireland - an afterthought of Europe
Beauty is so difficult [Yeats quoting Beardsley, in calledThe Tragic Generation. (The Trembling of the Veil, 1922); perhaps heard from Yeats himself.]
I once saw a bleeding Christ [Yeats quoting Beardsley]
Old Murray and Dante
Miss Esposito, I never see a rose but I think of you. [Padraic Colums remark to Vera Esposito, Abbey actress.]
I got the highest marks in mathematics of any man that ever went
in.
Ah, Paris? Whats Paris? The theatres, the cafés, les petites femmes des boulevards.
Ladies bonnets. High mass at the Pro-Cathedral.
Signs of Zodiac. Earth a living being.
The English have their music-hall songs but we have the melodies.
Moments of spiritual life
That queer thing - genius. [Æ of Colum (190/192 ). No doubt he did in life also, annoying Joyce, who referred to Colum (who worked for the Post Office) as The Messenger-boy genius.]
Synges play is Greek, said Yeats, etc. [of Riders to the Sea]
With all his eccentricities he remains a dear fellow. [Poss. George Moore of Edward Martyn via Yeats.]
Dr. Doherty and the Holy City [Doherty is Gogarty]
Group 2
Strangers are contemporary posterity - Chamfort [Vide Maximes et Pensées sur lhomme et la société, XLVII]
The artillery of heaven
[Miltons metaphor for thunder.]
Mrs. Riordan and the breadcrumbs
Spittin and spattin on the floor
Consum[m]atum est
Dog an divil
Make death a capital offence in England; end of modern English plays; Fr. Delaney
Yisterday F. Butt Moloney (Clery)
Kinahan and Boccaccio [model for Moynihan in SH; tells Stephen that the Decameron took the biscuit for smut]
Kinahan Enc. Britt. Socialism
The ice-cream Italian - Rossetti [Vide Stanislaus Joyce, Dublin Diary, p.26].
The marsupials
Art has the gift of tongues
Special reporter novels
on our side every time
centripetal writing
every bond is a bond to sorrow [Vide A Painful Case; poss. said by Stanislaus]
With men women do not think independantly. [orth. sic Gorman]
What is the ambition of the heros valet? [Vide Stanislaus Joyce, Dublin Diary, p.21]
Love - and intimate, desirous dependance. [orth. sic Gorman]
Church calls it a low vice to serve the body, to make a God of the belly, and a high virtue to make a temple of it.
The egoist revenges himself on his loves for the restrictions his higher morality lays upon him.
Unlike Saul, the son of Kish, Tolstoy seems to have come out to find a kingdom and to have found his fathers asses. [Vide Stanislaus Joyce, Dublin Diary, p.102]
Coyne: Beauty is a white light Joyce: Made up of seven colours.
Coyne and religious landscape
The blanket with the hole in the middle was not the dress of the ancient Irish but was introduced by the indecent Saxon.
Shakespeare, Sophocles and Ibsen [George Moores reaction to a performance of A Dolls House.]
Walshe didnt know how anyone could know more about Ibsen than F. Butt did.
Starkey thinks Ibsens mind a chaos. Hedda should get a kick in the arse.
[James S. Starkey, aka Seumas OSullivan.]
I am unhappy all day - the cause is I have been walking on my heels and not from the ball of my foot. [Vide Dublin Diary, p.34.]
The music hall, not Poetry, a criticism of life. [Cf. Matthew Arnold; Dublin Diary, p.38.]
The vulgarian priest [See Dublin Diary, pp.97, 99.]
Group 3
Features of the Middle Age: a pale, square, large-boned face, an aquiline nose with wide nostrils rather low in his face, a tight-shut lifeless mouth, full of prejudice, brown eyes set wide apart under short thick eyebrows and a long narrow forehead with short coarse black hair brushed up off it resting on his temples like an iron crown. [On J. F. Byrne - model for Cranly; extracted from Stanislaus Dublin Diary; as ditto he following.]
The Grand Byrne Wicklow
Brutal bloody flamin
Thomas Squaretoes
Talking like a pint
Deprecate eke so
Did that bloody boat the Seaqueen ever start?
Immoral plebeian
His Intensity the Sea-green Incorruptible
to make me drink
Stannie takes off his hat
Group 4 [Notes for Dubliners]
High instep
Foretelling rain by pain of corns
the world will not willingly let die [Miltons hopes for his career as a poet; cf. Gabriel Conroys speech in The Dead.]
which, if anything that the hand of man has wrought of noble and
inspiring and beautiful deserves to live deserves to live [Speech of Seymour Bushe at the Childs murder case, 1899; vide Ulysses, Aoelus.]
that way madness lies [King Lear, III, iv.]
The United States of Europe
Sick and indigent roomkeepers [Vide first first draft of Gas from a Burner - referring to prostitutes (James Joyce Miscellany, III (Carbondale, 1962), p.12; origin. the society on Castle St., Dublin.]
Logue: a handsome face in repose
Lightning: a livid woundlike flash
God plays skittles: thunder
Tips: palm-oil [Cf. Mr. Kernan in Ulysses]
To scoff - to devour
Medieval artist - lice in a friars beard
The cold flesh of priests
A woman is a fruit
Paris - a lamp for lovers hung in the wood of the world
To take the part of England and her tradition against Irish-America
Mac - Be Jaze, that put the kybosh on me.
Group 5
S. D.
Six medical students under my direction will write Paradise Lost except 100 lines.
The editor of the Evening Telegraph will write the Sensitive Plant.
Hellenism - European appendicitis.